Doctoral Studies lead to the award of a Doctorate (PhD). The general goal of doctoral studies consists of high-level specialization in strategic areas of knowledge and promotion of fundamental research in various scientific fields with a view to strengthening the country’s scientific base. In the case of Universities offering postgraduate programs it is essential to have a post-graduate diploma in order to obtain a Doctorate. Permission to prepare a doctoral dissertation at Universities which do not offer regular post-graduate programs is granted to applicants who meet certain prerequisites. The departments themselves lay down the admission requirements.